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Convoys
Background
Starting in September 1939, Germany invaded and controlled Poland,
Holland, Denmark, France, and most of western Europe. Next on
Germany's agenda was the invasion and control of Great Britain. With
Germany controlling much of the continent of Europe and the European Allies,
Great Britain was not able to provide all of the materials needed to fight a
war against Germany.
Convoys sailed from various points of the western hemisphere (New York
harbor for the USS Enright convoys) carrying the various items to support
the war effort. Troops, ammunition, fuel, aircraft, tanks, weapons,
and food are some of the items that were transported from the western
hemisphere to Great Britain. The ships carrying these materials were
called 'merchant ships'. While the crew of these ships were called the
'merchant marines'.
USS Enright participation
The USS Enright was one a several Destroyer Escorts
providing escort duty for 13 one-way
North Atlantic Convoys. Duration of duty for the USS Enright's
participation in North Atlantic convoys was from Dec 15, 1943 through Nov
21, 1944. USS
Enright participated in three series (departure/arrival combinations) of
convoys:
-
Convoys of the
CU series were eastbound
between New York city and Liverpool, England. There were a total of 73 CU convoys, of which the USS Enright
participated in 6.
-
Convoys of the
UC series were
westbound convoys between Liverpool, England and New York city. There were a total of 71 UC convoys, of which the USS
Enright participated in 6.
-
Convoys of the
UGS series were eastbound
convoys between Chesapeake Bay and the Mediterranean Sea. These UG
convoys had two subgroups, UGF (fast) and UGS (slow), with the third letter
denoting the speed of the convoy. There were a total of 95 UGS
convoys, of which the USS Enright participated in 1.
For the UC & CU convoys,
Liverpool, England is shown as the
destination/origination of the convoy. The USS Enright and the other
Destroyer Escorts took the convoys as far as
Londonderry,
Northern Ireland (piers were located a short distance downriver from
Londonderry in
Lishally, aka Lishahawley). The escorts then waited in Londonderry while the
convoys continued on to Liverpool under the protection of the British Navy.
Likewise, when convoys departed from Liverpool, they would sail under the
protection of the British Navy to Londonderry, where they were met by the Destroyer Escorts
(of the US Navy) for passage back
to New York harbor.
Source for all information immediately above: Arnold Hague
Convoy Database Convoy Summary,
USS Enright
Detailed ship listings for each convoy can be obtained by clicking on the
convoy number hyperlink in the left column of the table below.
|
Convoy
number |
Direction |
Origination Convoy |
Origination USS Enright |
Destination USS Enright |
Destination Convoy |
Merchant ships |
Escort
ships |
|
CU-9
|
Eastbound |
New York
Dec 15, 1943 |
New York
Dec 15, 1943 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
Liverpool,
England Dec 26,
1943 |
17 |
6 |
|
UC-9 |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Dec 31,
1943 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Jan 10, 1944 |
New York
Jan 10, 1944 |
23 |
6 |
|
CU-13 |
Eastbound |
New York
Feb 1, 1944 |
New York
Feb 1, 1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
Liverpool,
England Feb 13,
1944 |
23 |
6 |
|
UC-13 |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Feb 18,
1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Feb 27, 1944 |
New York
Feb 27, 1944 |
28 |
6 |
|
CU-18
|
Eastbound |
New York
Mar 19, 1944 |
New York
Mar 19, 1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
Liverpool,
England Mar 29,
1944 |
24 |
6 |
|
UC-18 |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Apr 9,
1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Apr 17, 1944 |
New York
Apr 17, 1944 |
19 |
6 |
|
CU-28 |
Eastbound |
New York
Jun 16, 1944 |
New York
Jun 16, 1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
Liverpool,
England Jun 27,
1944 |
37 |
13 |
|
UC-28 |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Jul 1,
1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Jul 12, 1944 |
New York
Jul 12, 1944 |
33 |
13 |
|
CU-33 |
Eastbound |
New York
Jul 26, 1944 |
New York
Jul 26, 1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
Liverpool,
England Aug 5,
1944 |
34 |
13 |
|
UC-32 |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Aug 3,
1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Aug 14, 1944 |
New York
Aug 14, 1944 |
51 |
12 |
|
CU-38
|
Eastbound |
New York
Sep 4, 1944 |
New York
Sep 4, 1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland; Cherbourg, France; Portsmouth England |
Liverpool,
England & Cherbourg, France; Portsmouth, England Sep 15,
1944 |
43 |
10 |
|
UC-38B |
Westbound |
Liverpool,
England Sep 23,
1944 |
Londonderry, Northern Ireland |
New York
Oct 3, 1944 |
New York
Oct 3, 1944 |
16 |
4 |
|
UGS-59 |
Eastbound |
New York
Nov 1, 1944 |
New York
Nov 1, 1944 |
Oran, Algeria Nov 21,
1944 |
Suez Canal,
Egypt Nov 27,
1944 |
92 |
13 |
Source of information in table above: Arnold Hague
Convoy Database
U-boat hits on convoys of these series
-
Ships sailing in convoys of the
CU series (New York city
to Liverpool, England) were struck by U-boats for a total of 6 vessels,
spread across 5 convoys. No ships participating in the CU series
convoys escorted by the USS Enright were hit by U-boats.
-
Ships sailing in convoys of the
UC series
(Liverpool, England to New York city) were struck by U-boats for a total of
7 vessels, all within 1 convoy. No ships participating in the UC
series convoys escorted by the USS Enright were hit by U-boats.
-
Convoys of the
UGS series (Chesapeake
Bay to the Mediterranean Sea) were struck by U-boats for a total of 22
vessels, spread across 10 convoys. No ships participating in the UGS
convoy escorted by the USS Enright were hit by U-boats.
Source of U-boat hit information above:
U-boat.net |
